Optimal amounts of coconut oil in diets improve the growth, antioxidant capacity and lipid metabolism of large yellow croaker (<em>Larimichthys crocea</em>)

Tao Ding; Ning Xu; Yongtao Liu; Xueshan Li; Xiaojun Xiang; Dan Xu; Chuanwei Yao; Qiangde Liu; Zhaoyang Yin; Kangsen Mai; Qinghui Ai

doi:10.1007/s42995-020-00045-z

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Optimal amounts of coconut oil in diets improve the growth, antioxidant capacity and lipid metabolism of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea)

1 Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China;
2 Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China

Corresponding author: Qinghui Ai, qhai@ouc.edu.cn
Received Date: 2020-03-07
Published online: 2020-05-29

Fund Project:
This research was supported by the National Sci ence Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China[grant number:31525024], the China Agriculture Research System[Grant number:CARS47-11], Aoshan Talents Program Supported by Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology[Grant number:2015ASTP], Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant number:31830103] and Scientiic and Technological Innovation of Blue Granary[Grant number:2018YFD0900402]. We thank Kun Cui, Jiamin Li and Jinbao Li for their assistance in the study.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the efect of diferent dietary coconut oil (CO) levels on growth, antioxidant capacity and lipid metabolism of juvenile large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). Five iso-nitrogen (45% crude protein) and iso-lipid (13% crude lipid) experimental diets were prepared by replacing 0% (the control), 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% ish oil with coconut oil. The results showed that dietary CO had no signiicant efect on survival rate (SR, P > 0.05). However, the speciic growth rate was increased signiicantly when compared with the control group when ish were fed the diet with 50% CO (P < 0.05). The saturated fatty acids were increased signiicantly with increasing dietary CO in the liver and muscle, whereas the content of n-3 PUFA was decreased signiicantly (P < 0.05). The highest activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in the liver were recorded in ish-fed diet with 50% CO; conversely, the content of malondialdehyde was signiicantly decreased (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α, carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 and acyl-CoA oxidase reached the highest levels in ish-fed diet with 50% CO. To some extent, this indicated that the rapid oxidation reaction of fatty acids to provide energy may be the reason for the rapid growth of large yellow croaker. In conclusion, ish-fed diet with 50% CO increased the growth rate and antioxidant capacity. Therefore, the timal replacement level of CO to FO in the diet should be 50%
- Coconut oil,
- Growth performance,
- Antioxidant capacity,
- Lipid metabolism,
- Larimichthys crocea

References

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Optimal amounts of coconut oil in diets improve the growth, antioxidant capacity and lipid metabolism of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea)

Corresponding author: Qinghui Ai, qhai@ouc.edu.cn

1 Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China;

2 Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China

Received Date: 2020-03-07

Fund Project: This research was supported by the National Sci ence Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China[grant number:31525024], the China Agriculture Research System[Grant number:CARS47-11], Aoshan Talents Program Supported by Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology[Grant number:2015ASTP], Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant number:31830103] and Scientiic and Technological Innovation of Blue Granary[Grant number:2018YFD0900402]. We thank Kun Cui, Jiamin Li and Jinbao Li for their assistance in the study.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the efect of diferent dietary coconut oil (CO) levels on growth, antioxidant capacity and lipid metabolism of juvenile large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). Five iso-nitrogen (45% crude protein) and iso-lipid (13% crude lipid) experimental diets were prepared by replacing 0% (the control), 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% ish oil with coconut oil. The results showed that dietary CO had no signiicant efect on survival rate (SR, P > 0.05). However, the speciic growth rate was increased signiicantly when compared with the control group when ish were fed the diet with 50% CO (P < 0.05). The saturated fatty acids were increased signiicantly with increasing dietary CO in the liver and muscle, whereas the content of n-3 PUFA was decreased signiicantly (P < 0.05). The highest activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in the liver were recorded in ish-fed diet with 50% CO; conversely, the content of malondialdehyde was signiicantly decreased (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α, carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 and acyl-CoA oxidase reached the highest levels in ish-fed diet with 50% CO. To some extent, this indicated that the rapid oxidation reaction of fatty acids to provide energy may be the reason for the rapid growth of large yellow croaker. In conclusion, ish-fed diet with 50% CO increased the growth rate and antioxidant capacity. Therefore, the timal replacement level of CO to FO in the diet should be 50%

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